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Introduction Part I Installation and Configuration Installing Fedora Fedora Quick Start Working with GNOME Command Line Quickstart Part II Desktop Fedora On the Internet Productivity Applications Multimedia Printing with Fedora Games Part III System Administration Managing Users Automating Tasks System-Monitoring Tools Backing Up Networking Remote Access with SSH Xen Part IV Fedora As a Server Apache Web Server Management Administering Database Services File and Print Remote File Serving with FTP Handling Electronic Mail Setting Up a Proxy Server Managing DNS LDAP Part V Programming Linux Using Perl Working with Python Writing PHP Scripts C/C++ Programming Tools for Fedora Mono Part VI Fedora Housekeeping Securing Your Machines Performance Tuning Command Line Masterclass Writing and Executing a Shell Script Advanced Software Management Managing the File System Kernel and Module Management Fedora 7 Tutorial Good linux tutorials pdf Software user Fedora 7 guide Manuals free Fedora 7 Help me Bible Fedora 7 tips and tricks Table of Contents Part VII Appendices A The History of Red Hat and Fedora B Installation Resources C Fedora and Linux Internet Resources Table of Contents Introduction Changes from Previous Editions Licensing Who This Book Is For What This Book Contains Conventions Used in This Book Part I Installation and Configuration 1 Installing Fedora Before You Begin the Installation Planning Partition Strategies Choosing How to Install Fedora Installing from CD or DVD Installing Using a Network Step-by-Step Installation Starting the Install Partitioning Your Hard Drive Choosing, Configuring, and Installing the Boot Loader Network Configuration Setting the Time Zone Creating a Root Password and User Accounts Software Selection and Installation Finishing the Install Firstboot Configuration Logging In and Shutting Down Reference 2 Fedora Quick Start The Fedora Desktop Getting Around Fedora The Menu Options Window Selector The Computer Icon The Home Icon Accessing the Command Line Available Applications Office Suite Internet Workstation Multimedia Games Keeping Your Software Up To Date Configuring Wireless Networks 3 Working with GNOME The GNOME Desktop Environment AIGLX—Eye Candy for the Masses Basic X Concepts Using X Elements of the xorg.conf File Configuring X Starting X Using a Display Manager Starting X from the Console by Using startx Using Fedora’s switchdesk Client KDE—The Other Environment XFce Reference 4 Command Line Quickstart Understanding the Command Line Navigating Through the File System Managing Files with the Shell Working with Compressed Files Use Essential Commands from the /bin and /sbin Directories Use and Edit Files in the /etc Directory Protect the Contents of User Directories—/home Use the Contents of the /proc Directory to Interact with the Kernel Work with Shared Data in the /usr Directory Temporary File Storage in the /tmp Directory Access Variable Data Files in the /var Directory Logging In to and Working with Linux Text-based Console Login Logging Out Logging In and Out from a Remote Computer Using Environment Variables Using the Text Editors Working with vi Working with emacs Working with Permissions Assigning Permissions Directory Permissions Understanding Set User ID and Set Group ID Permissions Working as Root Creating Users Deleting Users Shutting Down the System Rebooting the System Reading Documentation Using Man Pages Reference Part II Desktop Fedora 5 On the Internet Browsing the Internet Mozilla Firefox Konqueror Choosing an Email Client Evolution Mozilla Thunderbird KMail Other Mail Clients RSS Readers Firefox Liferea Instant Messaging with Pidgin Internet Relay Chat Usenet Network Newsgroups The Pan News Client Newsreader Videoconferencing with Ekiga Reference 6 Productivity Applications What Is in OpenOffice.org? Working with OpenOffice.org Writer Working with OpenOffice.org Calc Office Suites for Fedora Working with Gnome Office Working with KOffice Productivity Applications Written for Microsoft Windows Reference 7 Multimedia Listening to Music Streaming Audio Graphics Manipulation The GNU Image Manipulation Program Using Scanners in Fedora Working with Graphics Formats Capturing Screen Images Using Digital Cameras with Fedora Handheld Digital Cameras Using F-Spot Burning CDs and DVDs in Fedora Creating CDs and DVDs with Fedora’s Graphical Clients Creating CDs from the Command Line Creating DVDs from the Command Line Sound and Music Sound Cards Adjusting Volume Sound Formats Viewing Video TV and Video Hardware Video Formats Viewing Video in Linux Personal Video Recorders DVD and Video Players Reference 8 Printing with Fedora Overview of Fedora Printing Configuring and Managing Print Services GUI-Based Printer Configuration Quickstart Managing Printing Services Creating and Configuring Local Printers Creating the Print Queue Editing Printer Settings Reference 9 Games Linux Gaming Installing Proprietary Video Drivers Installing Popular Games in Fedora DOOM 3 Unreal Tournament 2004 Quake 4 Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory Battle for Wesnoth KDEedu Playing Windows Games with Cedega Reference Part III System Administration 10 Managing Users User Accounts Adding New Users User IDs and Group IDs Managing Groups Group Management Tools Managing Users User Management Tools Monitoring User Activity on the System Managing Permissions Assigning Permissions Directory Permissions Understanding Set User ID and Set Group ID Permissions Managing Passwords The Password File Shadow Passwords Managing Password Security for Users Changing Passwords in a Batch Granting System Administrator Privileges to Regular Users Temporarily Changing User Identity with the su Command Granting Root Privileges on Occasion—The sudo Command Disk Quotas Implementing Quotas Manually Configuring Quotas Reference 11 Automating Tasks Running Services at Bootup Beginning the Boot Loading Process Loading the Linux Kernel System Services and Runlevels Runlevel Definitions Booting into the Default Runlevel Booting to a Nondefault Runlevel with GRUB Understanding init Scripts and the Final Stage of Initialization Controlling Services at Boot with Administrative Tools Running Services Through xinetd Changing Runlevels Troubleshooting Runlevel Problems Starting and Stopping Services Manually Scheduling Tasks Using at and batch to Schedule Tasks for Later Using cron to Run Jobs Repeatedly Basic Shell Control The Shell Command Line Shell Pattern-Matching Support Piping Data Background Processing Reference 12 System-Monitoring Tools Console-Based Monitoring Using the kill Command to Control Processes Using Priority Scheduling and Control Displaying Free and Used Memory with free Disk Quotas Graphical Process and System Management Tools KDE Process- and System-Monitoring Tools Reference 13 Backing Up Choosing a Backup Strategy Why Data Loss Occurs Assessing Your Backup Needs and Resources Evaluating Backup Strategies Making the Choice Choosing Backup Hardware and Media Removable Storage Media Network Storage Tape Drive Backup Using Backup Software tar: The Most Basic Backup Tool The GNOME File Roller The KDE Archiving Tools (KDE ark and kdat) Using the Amanda Backup Application Alternative Backup Software Copying Files Copying Files Using tar Compressing, Encrypting, and Sending tar Streams Copying Files Using cp Using mc to Copy Files System Rescue The Fedora Rescue Disc Backing Up and Restoring the Master Boot Record Manually Restoring the Partition Table Booting the System from the Rescue Disc Booting the System from a Generic Boot Floppy Disk Using a GRUB Boot Floppy Disk Using the Recovery Facility from the Installation Disc Reference 14 Networking Using Network Configuration Tools Using Graphical Configuration Tools Command-Line Network Interface Configuration Network Configuration Files Laying the Foundation: The localhost Interface Checking for the Availability of the Loopback Interface Configuring the Loopback Interface Manually Networking with TCP/IP Advanced Wireless Networking Support for Wireless Networking in Fedora TCP/IP Addressing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol How DHCP Works DHCP Software Installation Using DHCP to Configure Network Hosts Other Uses for DHCP Using IP Masquerading in Fedora Ports Beyond the Network and Onto the Internet Common Configuration Information Configuring DSL Access Understanding Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet Configuring a PPPoE Connection Manually Configuring Dial-Up Internet Access Configuring a Dial-Up Connection Manually Using the Fedora Internet Configuration Wizard Troubleshooting Connection Problems Reference General DHCP Wireless Books 15 Remote Access with SSH Setting Up a Telnet Server Setting Up an SSH Server The SSH Tools Using scp to Copy Individual Files Between Machines Using sftp to Copy Many Files Between Machines Using ssh-keygen to Enable Key-Based Logins Remote X XDMCP VNC References 16 Xen Why Virtualization Is a Smart Idea Virtualization Versus Paravirtualization How Xen Works Installing Xen Setting Up Guest Operating Systems Runtime Configuration Reference Part IV Fedora As a Server 17 Apache Web Server Management About the Apache Web Server Installing the Apache Server Installing Through Pirut Installing from the RPM Building the Source Yourself Starting and Stopping Apache Starting the Apache Server Manually Using /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd Controlling Apache with Fedora’s service Command Controlling Apache with Fedora’s chkconfig Command Graphic Interface Configuration of Apache Configuring Virtual Host Properties Configuring the Server Configuring Apache for Peak Performance Runtime Server Configuration Settings Runtime Configuration Directives Editing httpd.conf Apache Multiprocessing Modules Using .htaccess Configuration Files File System Authentication and Access Control Restricting Access with allow and deny Authentication Final Words on Access Control Apache Modules mod_access mod_alias mod_asis mod_auth mod_auth_anon mod_auth_dbm mod_auth_digest mod_autoindex mod_cgi mod_dir and mod_env mod_expires mod_headers mod_include mod_info and mod_log_config mod_mime and mod_mime_magic mod_negotiation mod_proxy mod_rewrite mod_setenvif mod_speling mod_status mod_ssl mod_unique_id mod_userdir mod_vhost_alias Virtual Hosting Address-Based Virtual Hosts Name-Based Virtual Hosts Logging Reference 18 Administering Database Services A Brief Review of Database Basics How Relational Databases Work Understanding SQL Basics Choosing a Database: MySQL Versus PostgreSQL Speed Data Locking ACID Compliance in Transaction Processing to Protect Data Integrity SQL Subqueries Procedural Languages and Triggers Configuring MySQL Setting a Password for the MySQL Root User Creating a Database in MySQL Granting and Revoking Privileges in MySQL Configuring PostgreSQL Initializing the Data Directory in PostgreSQL Creating a Database in PostgreSQL Creating Database Users in PostgreSQL Deleting Database Users in PostgreSQL Granting and Revoking Privileges in PostgreSQL Database Clients SSH Access to a Database Local GUI Client Access to a Database Web Access to a Database The MySQL Command-Line Client The PostgreSQL Command-Line Client Graphical Clients Reference 19 File and Print Using the Network File System NFS Server Configuration NFS Client Configuration Putting Samba to Work Configuring Samba with system-config-samba Configuring Samba with SWAT Manually Configuring Samba with /etc/samba/smb.conf Testing Samba with the testparm Command Starting the smbd Daemon Mounting Samba Shares Network and Remote Printing with Fedora Enabling Network Printing on a LAN Session Message Block Printing Network-Attached Printer Configuration and Printing Using the Common Unix Printing System GUI Console Print Control Using Basic Print Commands Managing Print Jobs Avoiding Printer Support Problems All-in-One (Print/Fax/Scan) Devices Using USB and Legacy Printers Reference 20 Remote File Serving with FTP Choosing an FTP Server Choosing an Authenticated or Anonymous Server Fedora FTP Server Packages Other FTP Servers Installing FTP Software The FTP User xinetd Configuration for wu-ftpd Configuring xinetd for the wu-ftp Server Starting the Very Secure FTP Server (vsftpd) Package Configuring the Very Secure FTP Server Controlling Anonymous Access Other vsftpd Server Configuration Files Configuring the wu-ftpd Server Using Commands in the ftpaccess File to Configure wu-ftpd Configure Access Control Configure User Information Configure System Logging Configure Permission Control Configure Commands Directed Toward the cdpath Structure of the shutdown File Configuring FTP Server File-Conversion Actions Strip Prefix Strip Postfix Add-On Prefix Add-On Postfix External Command An Example of Conversions in Action Using ftphosts to Allow or Deny FTP Server Connection Using Commands for Server Administration Display Information About Connected Users Count the Number of Connections Use /usr/sbin/ftpshut to Schedule FTP Server Downtime Use /var/log/xferlog to View a Log of Server Transactions Reference 21 Handling Electronic Mail How Email Is Sent and Received The Mail Transport Agent Choosing an MTA The Mail Delivery Agent The Mail User Agent Basic Sendmail Configuration and Operation Configuring Masquerading Using Smart Hosts Setting Message Delivery Intervals Building the sendmail.cf File Mail Relaying Forwarding Email with Aliases Rejecting Email from Specified Sites Introducing Postfix Making the Switch Using Fetchmail to Retrieve Mail Installing Fetchmail Configuring Fetchmail Choosing a Mail Delivery Agent Procmail Spamassassin Squirrelmail Virus Scanners Special Mail Delivery Agents Mail Daemons Alternatives to Microsoft Exchange Server Microsoft Exchange Server/Outlook Client CommuniGate Pro Oracle Collaboration Suite Open Xchange Reference Web Resources Books 22 Setting Up a Proxy Server What Is a Proxy Server? Installing Squid Configuring Clients Access Control Lists Specifying Client IP Addresses Sample Configurations Reference 23 Managing DNS 511 Configuring DNS for Clients The /etc/host.conf File The /etc/nsswitch.conf File The /etc/hosts File The /etc/resolv.conf File Understanding the Changes Made by DHCP Essential DNS Concepts How Nameservers Store DNS Structure Information How DNS Provides Name Service Information to Users Name Resolution in Practice Using DNS Tools dig host nslookup whois Configuring a Local Caching Nameserver Your Own Domain Name and Third-Party DNS Providing DNS for a Real Domain with BIND rndc.conf named.conf Logging Resolver Configuration Running the named Nameserver Daemon Providing DNS for a Real Domain Forward Zone Reverse Zone Registering the Domain Troubleshooting DNS Delegation Problems Reverse Lookup Problems Maintaining Accurate Serial Numbers Troubleshooting Problems in Zone Files Tools for Troubleshooting Using Fedora’s BIND Configuration Tool Managing DNS Security Unix Security Considerations DNS Security Considerations Using DNS Security Extensions Using Split DNS Reference 24 LDAP Configuring the Server Populating Your Directory Configuring Clients Evolution Thunderbird Administration Reference Part V Programming Linux 25 Using Perl Using Perl with Linux Perl Versions A Simple Perl Program Perl Variables and Data Structures Perl Variable Types Special Variables Operators Comparison Operators Compound Operators Arithmetic Operators Other Operators Special String Constants Conditional Statements if/else unless Looping for foreach while until last and next do ... while and do ... until Regular Expressions Access to the Shell Modules and CPAN Reference Books 26 Working with Python Python on Linux Getting Interactive The Basics of Python Numbers More on Strings Lists Dictionaries Conditionals and Looping Functions Object Orientation Class and Object Variables Constructors and Destructors Class Inheritance Multiple Inheritance The Standard Library and the Vaults of Parnassus Reference 27 Writing PHP Scripts Introduction to PHP Entering and Exiting PHP Mode Variables Arrays Constants Comments Escape Sequences Variable Substitution Operators Conditional Statements Special Operators Switching Loops Including Other Files Basic Functions Strings Arrays Files Miscellaneous Handling HTML Forms Reference 28 C/C++ Programming Tools for Fedora Programming in C/C++ with Linux Using the C Programming Project Management Tools Provided with Fedora Linux Building Programs with make Using the autoconf Utility to Configure Code Managing Software Projects with Subversion Debugging Tools Using the GNU C Compiler Graphical Development Tools Using the KDevelop Client The Glade Client for Developing in GNOME Reference 29 Mono Why Use Mono? Mono on the Command Line The Structure of a C# Program Printing Out the Parameters Creating Your Own Variables Adding Some Error Checking Building on Mono’s libraries Searching with Beagle Creating a GUI with Gtk# Reference Part VI Fedora Housekeeping 30 Securing Your Machines Understanding Computer Attacks Assessing Your Vulnerability Protecting Your Machine Securing a Wireless Network Passwords and Physical Security Configuring and Using Tripwire Devices Viruses Configuring Your Firewall Forming a Disaster Recovery Plan Keeping Up-to-Date on Linux Security Issues Understanding SELinux Reference 31 Performance Tuning Hard Disk Using the BIOS and Kernel to Tune the Disk Drives The hdparm Command File System Tuning The tune2fs Command The e2fsck Command The badblocks Command Disabling File Access Time Kernel Apache MySQL Measuring Key Buffer Usage Using the Query Cache Miscellaneous Tweaks Query Optimization Reference 32 Command Line Masterclass Why Use the Shell? Basic Commands Printing the Contents of a File with cat Changing Directories with cd Changing File Access Permissions with chmod Copying Files with cp Printing Disk Usage with du Finding Files by Searching with find Searches for a String in Input with grep Paging Through Output with less Creating Links Between Files with ln Finding Files from an Index with locate Listing Files in the Current Directory with ls Reading Manual Pages with man Making Directories with mkdir Moving Files with mv Listing Processes with ps Deleting Files and Directories with rm Printing the Last Lines of a File with tail Printing Resource Usage with top Printing the Location of a Command with which Combining Commands Multiple Terminals Date and Time Using the date Command Using the hwclock Command Capturing Screen Images Reference Books 33 Writing and Executing a Shell Script Running a Shell Program Interpreting Shell Scripts Through Specific Shells Using Variables in Shell Scripts Assigning a Value to a Variable Accessing Variable Values Positional Parameters Using a Simple Script to Automate Tasks Built-in Variables Special Characters Use Double Quotes to Resolve Variables in Strings with Embedded Spaces Using Single Quotes to Maintain Unexpanded Variables Using the Backslash as an Escape Character Using the Backtick to Replace a String with Output Comparison of Expressions in pdksh and bash String Comparison Number Comparison File Operators Logical Operators Special Statements: for, while, and Others The for Statement The while Statement The until Statement The shift Statement The if Statement The case Statement The break and exit Statements Using Functions in Shell Scripts Reference 34 Advanced Software Management Using RPM for Software Management rpm at the Command Line Two Handy Options Using rpm on the Command Line Extracting a Single File from an RPM File Getting Started with yum Running yum Noninteractively Using yum to Remove Packages Maintaining yum Using yum to Manage Package Inventory Configuring yum Using pirut for Software Management Using Yum Extender Creating a Local yum Repository Reference 35 Managing the File System The Fedora File System Basics Physical Structure of the File System on the Disk File System Partitions Network and Disk File Systems Viewing Your System’s File Systems Working with the ext3 File System Understanding the ext3 File System Structure Journaling Options in ext3 Verifying File Integrity in ext3 File Systems with the fsck Utility Other File Systems Available to Fedora The Reiser File System (reiserfs) JFS and XFS File Systems DOS File Systems CD-ROM File Systems Creating a File System The Disk as a Storage Device Creating the Partition Table Creating the File System on the Partitioned Disk Creating a DOS File System with mkdosfs Mounting File Systems The mount Command The umount Command Mounting Automatically with /etc/fstab Relocating a File System Installing the New Drive Creating the Partition Table and Formatting the Disk Mounting the New Partition and Populating It with the Relocated Files Logical Volume Management File System Manipulation Creating a File System for Testing Mounting a Partition as Read-Only on a Running System Examine an initrd Image File Reference 36 Kernel and Module Management The Linux Kernel The Linux Source Tree Types of Kernels Managing Modules When to Recompile Kernel Versions Obtaining the Kernel Sources Patching the Kernel Compiling the Kernel Using xconfig to Configure the Kernel Creating an Initial RAM Disk Image When Something Goes Wrong Errors During Compile Runtime Errors, Boot Loader Problems, and Kernel Oops Reference Part VII Appendices A The History of Red Hat and Fedora What Is Fedora? Fedora for Business Fedora in Your Home 64-Bit Fedora Fedora on the PPC Platform Fedora on Multi-Core Machines B Installation Resources Planning Your Fedora Deployment Business Considerations System Considerations User Considerations A Predeployment Planning Checklist Planning the Installation Hardware Requirements Meeting the Minimum Fedora Hardware Requirements Using Legacy Hardware Planning for Hard Drive Storage for Your Fedora Installation Checking Hardware Compatibility Preparing for Potential Hardware Problems Preparing and Using a Hardware Inventory Preparing for the Install Process Partitioning Before and During Installation Choosing a Partitioning Scheme Hosting Parts of the Linux File System on Separate Partitions Using Fedora’s kickstart Installation Method Reference C Fedora and Linux Internet Resources Websites and Search Engines Web Search Tips Google Is Your Friend Fedora Package Listings Certification Commercial Support Documentation Linux Guides The Fedora Project Red Hat Linux Mini-CD Linux Distributions Floppy-Based Linux Distributions Various Intel-Based Linux Distributions PowerPC-Based Linux Distributions Linux on Laptops and PDAs X Usenet Newsgroups Mailing Lists Fedora Project Mailing Lists Red Hat Mailing Lists Internet Relay Chat Index
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